المساعد الشخصي الرقمي

عرض الإصدار الكامل : Pressure Sores


amna
03/03/04, 07 :18 07:18:15 PM
PRESSURE SORES
Easy to avoid difficult to manage
DEFINITION:
v BED SORES ARE LOCALIZED ULCERATION OF THE SKIN OR DEEPER STRUCTURES.
v THEY MOST COMMONLY RESULT FROM PROLONGED PERIODS OF BED REST IN ACUTE OR LONGTERM CARE FACILITES.
THE AREAS SUSCEPTIBLE TO PRESSURE SORES:
1. OCCIPUT
2. EAR
3. SCAPULA
4. ELBOW
5. SACRUM
6. ISCHIAL TUBEROSITIES
7. GREATER TO CHANTER
8. MEDIAL CONDYLE OF TIBIA
9. FIBULAR HEAD
10. MEDIAL MALLEOLUS
11. LATERAL MALLEOLUS
12. HEAL










PATHOPHYSIOLOGY & ETIOLOGY:
1. PRESSURE OF (70mmHg) APPLIED FOR LONGER THAN 2HOURS CAN PRODUCE TISSUE, DESTRUCTION HEALING CON NOT ACCUR WITH OUT RELIVING THE PRESSURE.
2. FRICTION CONTRIBUTES TO PRESSURE SORES DEVELOPMENT BY CAUSING ABRASION OF THE STRAUM CORNCUM.
3. SHEARING FORCE PRODUCED BY SLIDING OF ADJACENT SURFACES, IS PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT IN THE PARTIAL SITTING POSITION. THIS FORCE RUPTURES CAPILLARIES OVER THE SACRUM.
4. MOISTURE ON THE SKIN RESULTS IN MACERATION OF THE EPITHELIUM.
RISK FACTORS FOR PRESSURE SORES: PATIENT CONDATION
1. BOWEL OR BLADDER INCONTINENCE.
2. MALNOURISHMENT OR SIGNIFICANT WEIGHT LOSS.
3. EDEMA,ANEMIA,HYPOXIA, HYPOTENSION.
4. NEUROLOGIC IMPAIRMENT OR IMMOBILITY.
5. ALTERED MENTAL STATUS,INCLUDING DELIRIUM OR DEMENTIA.
NURSING ASSESSMENT:
1. ASSESS FOR RISK FACTORS FOR PRESSURE SORE DEVELOMENT AND ALTER THOSE ,IF POSSIBLE.
2. ASSESS SKIN OF OLDER ADULT FREQQUENTLY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRESSURE SORES.
3. STAGE THE ULCER SO APPORPRIATE TREATMENT CAN BE STARTED.
4. ONE COMMONLY USED STAGING SYSTEM ADVISORY PANEL INCLUDES( 4 ) LEVELS:










a-NONBLANCHINGMACULE THAT MAY APPEAR RED OR VIOLET.





b-SKIN BREAK DOWN AS FAR AS THE DERMIS.



c- SKIN BREAK DOWN INTO THE SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.


d-PENETRATES BONE,MUSCLE,OR JOINT.

NURSING AND PATIENT CARE CONSIDERATIONS:
v PREVENT PRESSURE SORE DEVELOPMENT.
1) PROVIDE METICULOUS CARE AND POSITING FOR IMMOBILIZED PATIENTS.
a. INSPECT SKIN SEVERAL TIMES DAILY.
b. WASH SKIN WITH MILD SOAP,RINSE,AND BLOT DRY WITH A SOFT TOWEHL.
c. LUBRICATE SKIN WITH A BLAND LOTION TO KEEP SKIN SOFT AND PLIABLE.
d. AVIOD POORLY VENTILATED MATTRESS THAT IS COVERED WITH PLASTIC OR IMERMEABLE MATERIAL.
e. EMPLOY BOWEL AND BLADDER PROGRAMS TO PREVENT INCONTINENCE.
f. ENCOURAGE AMBULATION AND EXERCISE.
g. PROMOTE NUTRITION DITE WITH OPTIMAL PROTEIN,VITAMINS,AND IRON.

2) TEACH OLDER ADULT AND FAMILY OR SIGIFICANT OTHER THE IMPROTANCE OF GOOD NUTRITION,HYDATION,ACTIVITY POSITIONING ,AND AVOIDANCE OF PRESSURE,SHEARING,FRICTION,AND MOISTURE.
v RELEVE THE PRESSURE.
1) AVIOD ELEVATION OF HEAD OF BED GREATER THAN 30 DEGREES.
2) REPOSITION EVERY 2 HOURS.
3) USE SPECIAL DEVICES TO CUSHING SPECIFIC AREAS,SUCH AS FLOTATION RINGS,LAMBS WOOL OR FLEECE PAD ,EGG-CRATE MATRESSES,BOOTIES,ELBOW PADS.
4) UES AN ALTERNATING-PRESSURE MATTRESS OR AIR FLUIDIZED BED FOR PATIENTS AS HIGH RISK TO PREVENT OR TREAT PRESSURE SORES.
5) PROVIDE FOR ACTIVTY AND AMBULATION AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE.
6) ADVISE FREQUENT SHIFTING OF WIGHT AND OCCASIONAL RAISING OF BOTTOM OFF CHAIR WHILE SITTING.


v CLEAN AND DEBRIDE THE WOUND.
1) USE NORMAL SALINE FOR CLEANING AND DISINFECTING WOUNDS.
2) APPLY WET-TO-DRY DRESSINGS OR ENZYME ONITMENTS FOR DEBRIDEMENT AS DIRECTED ;OR ASSIST WITH SURGICAL DEBRIDEMENT.

v TREAT LOCAL INFECTION.
1) OPEN WOUND ARE ALWAYS COLONIZED WITH BACTERIA ;HENCE ,WOUND CULTURES ARE UNNECESSARY UNLESS THERE IS EVIDENCE OF SYSTEMIC INFECTION OR PROGRESSIVE LOCAL INFECTION SUCH AS CELLULITIS.
2) APPLY TOPICAL ANTIBIOTICS TO LOCALLY INFECTED PRESSURE ULCER AS PRESCRIBED.



v COVER THE WOUND WITH A PROTECTIVE DRESSING.
1) THIS MINIMIZES DISRUPTION OF MIGRATING FIROBLASTS AND EPITHELIED CELLS AND RESULTS IN MOIST ,NUTRIENT-RICH ENVIROMENT FOR HEALING TO OCCOU:
a) POLYURETHANE THIN FILM DRESSING CAN BE USED FOR SUPERFICIAL LOW-EXUDATE WOUND ,THEY ARE AIR AND WATER PERMEABLE BUT DO NOT ABSORD EXDATE.
b) HYDROCOLLOIDS CAN PROVIDE PADDING TO WOUND BUT CAN LEAD TO MACERATION;THEY ARE NOT OXYGEN PERMEABLE.
c) POLYURETHANE FOAM/MEMBRANCE DRESSING ABSORB EXDATE AND ARE OXYGEN PERMEABLE.
d) HYDROGEL DRESSING ARE MULTILAYERED AND INCLUDE PROPERTIES OF BOTH HYDROCOLLOIDS AND POLYURETHANE.



PRESSURE SORES PRESSURE SORES PRESSURE SORES

doctor_999
04/03/04, 05 :57 05:57:54 PM
Thanks for you
also i already talk about it in Arabic with some photo


http://www.nursing-sa.com/vb/showthread.php?s=&threadid=2407

amna
05/03/04, 02 :06 02:06:09 AM
واستفدة من موضوع جدا مع الصور في اعداد محاضره الله يعيطك الف عافيه
س1_من المسؤل في حجوث قروح الفراش للمريض داخل المستشفى هل هو اهمال الممرضه او الممرض او الحالة الصحيه!!!!!!!

الريفي
08/03/04, 12 :45 12:45:23 AM
thx amna for that subject

i think its coming from the bad nursing care , the pt will stay in one postion for 2 or 3 days must happen like that

amna
08/03/04, 02 :26 02:26:58 AM
not nursing but patint condation, BED SITUATIONS,&NURSING CARE
ABOUT POSITIONING CAN NOT LEAVE 4 2-3DAYS
THANKS 4 U APIOION

dreamUP
11/03/04, 09 :14 09:14:13 PM
we can not say just thanx on that great effort
for carries out it
and i want to say for u thanx for all ur subject in english forum

dreamUP

الدكتوره
23/03/04, 03 :05 03:05:30 PM
Easy to avoid difficult to manage
i think it is really easy to avoid but not for all
because there are some diseases which require prolonged time of resting
your subject is very nice and usefull
it also dispaly the duty of the nurse and what can (she/he)do for the patient
THANKS ALOT AND PLEASE KEEP ON

ميدو
14/05/04, 08 :32 08:32:18 PM
thanx alot amna http://www.lahaonline.com/forum/images/smiles/11ap.gif Bed sores r a really bad complication happen 4 the immobilized pts.. which needs a critical attention from the nurse.:eek:

ER-Nurse
18/05/04, 08 :57 08:57:07 AM
Hello all,
I think all we forgot that the nurse should change the postion of the patient every 2Hrs. at least to prevent from bedsore, and it is not totally the negligance of the nurses but we should consider there are many patients also need to be cared of and shortage of the staff make it hard to help all patients and do total nursing care. Things to remember that the nurse should prioritize and categorize his/.her patient inorder to give the best which might not be able to do. LET US ASK OUR SELVES : why did we accepted to work as nurses, and when we care about the patient why we do it, is it for the patient him/her self,because the salary or because we are affraid of our superiors.

Please thing deeply and hopefully this will help .

My Personl opinion is:
I think we should enjoy our work and do it because patients need our help and we do it for allah then i think we can give our best efforts.

نور الايمان
06/09/06, 10 :29 10:29:36 PM
مشكورة اختي امنة على الموضوع الرائع
والله يعطيكي الف عافية

nurse saudi
09/09/06, 07 :55 07:55:21 PM
thanks for subject

"أم الزين"
23/10/06, 10 :59 10:59:11 PM
THANK YOU

PRESSURE SORCE IT IS ONE OF MANY PROPLEMS YOU CAN SEE IT IN GERIATRICS WORD :eek:

ALLHAMD LLAHA ... IAM STAFF NURSE ON PEDIATRIC WORD

THANK YOU .. GOOD LUCK .. GO ON :D

امل الحياة
03/08/07, 10 :11 10:11:12 AM
I think we should enjoy our work and do it because patients need our help and we do it for allah then i think we can give our best efforts.
thanx alot for this sentence.....
realy i feel the patient is a member of my family....
beacuse of that i give the patient all my attention and care...
.................
my oppinion about your topic....
i think the bed sore can be happen if the nurse dose not change the position of the patient every 2-3 hours....
thanx for your attention about this topic.....

علي فهد
11/10/07, 05 :32 05:32:38 PM
good day
on the quailty thay are concedring the bed sore is quality control

its mean that if the bed sore increased in the hospital thats mean bad nursing care

Staff Nurse
11/06/08, 07 :12 07:12:15 PM
hi , i think it's good subject to be discussed with you this is what we are facing and suffering in our hospitals so, alot of bedridden alot of bed sores





thanx alot